The Arrest of Ships in the Iranian Legal System

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran. Iran

2 University of Fribourg , Switzerland

10.22059/jices.2025.396182.1094

Abstract

This article investigates the legal framework governing ship arrest in Iran by analyzing relevant domestic legislation and selected judicial decisions. The central research question is whether the
current Iranian legal system provides a clear and effective mechanism for ship arrest, particularly in the absence of Iran’s ratification of the 1952 and 1999 Arrest Conventions. The study adopts a descriptive–analytical approach, combining library-based research with case study analysis of selected Iranian court decisions to assess the procedural requirements and legal conditions surrounding ship arrest in Iranian jurisdiction. It also examines Article 194 of the Iranian Maritime Code and the extent to which Iranian courts refer to international maritime customs where domestic law is silent. The article identifies legal ambiguities and practical challenges in this area and suggests legal and procedural reforms. The findings aim to provide a practical legal guide for maritime lawyers and judges dealing with ship arrest cases in Iran.

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